Apparatus for treatment, especially heat treatment of a fibrous piecelike material



p 4, 1956 G. R. MAGNUSSON 2,761,658

F. APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT, ESPECIALLY HEAT TREATMENT OF A FIBROUS PIECE-LIKE MATERIAL Filed March 25, 1953 Mai/WW 5W5.

APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT, ESPECIALLY HEAT TREATMENT OF A FIBROUS PIECE- LIKE MATERIAL 1 Folke Giista Robert Magnusson, Stockholm, Sweden, as-

gignor to A B Svenska Flaktfabriken, Stockholm, weden Application March 25, 1953, Serial No. 344,507 2 Claims priority, application Sweden March28, 1952 2 Claims. (Cl- 259- 106) In the prior art, methods are known for the treatment, especially heat treatment, of fibrous piece-like material. The process is carried out by contact between said material and one or more movable and rotating surfaces, for example, between the spaced confronting inner and outer surfaces of two concentric cylindrical drums. Such drums'are usually provided with a number of radial fins extending outwardly from the outer surface of the inner drum. When treating certain materials, there are, however difiiculties encountered which prevent effective utilization of the total part of the inner drum, and which prevent the effective use of all fins on the outer surface of the inner drum for the treatment of the material. In certain cases, it was found that only three of the total number of fins distributed on the outer surface of the inner drum were acting on the material. In this respect, there have been difficulties encountered which prevent even distribution of the materialbetween the confronting faces of the inner and outer drums. The present invention relates to an improvement in apparatus for the treatment of fibrous piece-like material having a tendencyto be lumpy (to pile). Such a material is, for instance, carboxymethylcellulose (cellufix). The main object of the present invention is thus to eliminate the above mentioned difficulties encountered in the devices of the prior art.

The present invention is mainly characterized by the fact that each fin on the outer surface of the inner drum is divided into a number of parts separated from each other in axial alinement and in cricumferential alinement along the outer surface of the inner drum, and arranged with a certain margin space (free space) in relation to the inner, confronting surface of the outer drum. According to the invention, said parts have a fixed angle of inclination in relation to the radii of the inner drum and, furthermore, the dilferent parts are arranged on the outer surface of the inner drum in a plurality of axially extending, circumferentially spaced rows, with the parts of any one row staggered axially and circumferentially with respect to the parts in an adjacent row, i. e., the parts are displaced in such a manner in relation to each other that the parts of the fins at least over an essential part of the outer surface of the inner drum are disposed aside of and facing the space between each other.

In accordance with a convenient embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention the inner drum has outwardly bulged or dome-shaped end walls, which end walls are provided with fins extending radially from the axis of the drum, said fins having, in addition to their radial portions, portions at the outer ends thereof which have a fixed angle of inclination in relation to the radii of the end walls of the drum, alternate ones of said radial fins having their inclined end portions extending axially along the adjacent outer surface of the inner drum for a short distance and in alinement with one of the axially extending rows of parts on the outer surface of said inner drum.

The invention will be more fully described in connec- 'ice tion with the accompanying drawing, where an embodiment of the invention is shown.

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view through the outer drum' or casing of the apparauts of my present invention, this figure showing the inner drum and fins in side elevation, and

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on the section line 22 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the accompanying drawings wherein like I reference charactershave' been employed to desginate like parts throughout the several views, the'reference 1 designates, broadly, an outer stationary drum or casing and reference numeral 4 designates an inner rotatable drum. The inner drum 4 is provided on its outer surface with fins 5, 12, 13, 14, 15, 22, 21, which fins are arranged in axially alined and circumferentially spaced rows (see 12 and 15, 21 and 22, etc.) and in axially-spaced and circumferentially alined rows (see 5, 14, and 13, 12 and 22, 15 and 21, etc.)

The opposite end portions 4, 4 of inner drum 4 are outwardly bulged or dome-shaped and are provided with radial fins 6, 7, 9, 10, 11", 16 17, 20, each of these fins having outer end portions 6, 7, 9 10, 11 16, 17 19, 20 which extend outwardly beyond the outer surface of drum 4 and are inclined rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation of the inner drum 4, it being noted that in the showing of Fig. 2, and as indicated by the arrow therein, the inner drum is rotated in a counterclockwise direction. It will be noted that alternate ones of the radial fins on the opposite ends 4 4 of the inner drum 4, i. e. 6 9, 11, 16 17, 20, etc., have these rearwardly inclined outer end portions extended inwardly and axially of the adjacent ends of drum 4 as indicated at 6, 9 11 16, 19, the inwardly extending end portions 11 and 16 being disposed in axial alinement with fin 13, the inwardly extending end portions 9 and 19 being disposed in axial alinement with fin 14, etc. The fins 5, 12, 13, 14, 15, 21, 22 are also inclined rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation of the inner drum 4 and at an angle of rearward inclination corresponding to the angle of inclination of end portions 6 7 9 10 11 16, 17 19, 20

The outer stationary drum 1 is provided with spaced apart inner and outer walls 1 and 1 respectively, between which a heating or cooling fluid passes, the nature or condition of such fluid insofar as the temperature thereof is concerned, depending upon the particular material to be treated and upon the desired treatment to be imparted to the material being processed. As clearly shown in Fig. 1, the heating or cooling fluid, as the case may he, enters the space between the walls 1 and 1 through the inlet pipe 2 and is discharged through the outlet pipe 3.

As will be readily appreciated upon an examination of Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings, the inner drum 4 is provided at the center of its end portions 4 with axially extending trunnions 8 and 18, rotatable within bearings t3 and 18, respectively, any suitable driving means being connected to at least one of said trunnions to effect rotation of said inner drum 4 within stationary outer drum 1.

It is to be noted that the outer ends of all of the fins mounted on the outer surface of the drum 4 as well as the outer ends of the radially extending fins mounted on the end portions 4*, 4 of the inner drum 4 terminate with their outer edges in close proximity with the inner surface of the outer drum 1, the distance between said outer edges and said inner surface being of the order of 25-30 mm., which distance may be varied in accordance with the character of the material undergoing treatment and with the speed of rotation imparted to the inner drum 4.

The apparatus above described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, is designed to treat material in batches, which material is fed into the apparatus through the inlet openings A. After completion" of the treatment of the material, the material is removed from the apparatus through the discharge openings B.

Referring now to the operation of the apparatus above described, a suitable heating or cooling fluid is-introduced through inlet pipe 2, through the space between the walls 1 and l and is discharged through outlet pipe 3, the passage of such fluid serving to heat or to cool the inner wall of the stationary drum or casing 1, the temperature of the fluid supplied to said drum or casing 1' depending upon the particular material undergoing treatment. The inner drum is rotated, for example, by driving means connected to trunnion 18. The material to betreated is introduced through inlet openings A and is carried around the space between the spaced, confronting surfaces between the outer surface of drum 4 and the inner heated or cooled surface of drum or casing 1. Due to the angular disposition of the fins carried by the inner drum 4, the material is forced or squeezed into intimate contact with the inner heated or cooled surface of the drum or easing 1 as it is treated in the apparatus above described.

What I claim is: H i t H 1. Apparatus for conditioning loose fibrous material by pressure contact of the material with heated or cooled surfaces consisting of two cylindrical drums mounted coaigially one within the other and having inner and outer spaced, confronting surfaces therebetween at least one of said drums being rotatable and the confronting surface er zit least one driiin being liea't'e'd or cooled, means for vheating or cooling at least one of said confronting surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinally extending fins mounted on the outer surface of the inner drum axially interspaced and with every second fin in staggered relation to the other, said fins inclining backwards with respect to the direction of rotation of said one drum and projecting toward the inner surface of the outer drum with a predetermined clearance therefrom.

2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the outer drum is stationary and the inner drum rotatable, and said inner drum is provided with outwardly bulged or dome-shaped end walls having radial fins thereon, said radial fins having end portions which are inclined backwards with respect to the direction of rotation of said one drum and which project outwardly be ond the s'ii'r'face of said one drum and inwardly over an end portion of the adjacent end surface of said one drum.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS '5 2'3,343 I-Iaberacker 0--. July 24, 1894 1,4 ;70f4 Q ll r y 9, 1.923 Sept. 2,021,495 Anderson nov. 19, 19 35 2,306,602 Harrington Dec. 29, 1942 

